python 对文件目录操作总结

python 可以很方便的对文件进行打开，读写操作，删除操作，也可以很方便的对文件夹进行遍历操作。总体说来，有如下几个方面：
1. python 遍历文件目录，当然可以递归
2. python 删除文件
3. python 对文件进行重命名操作
4. python 创建文件夹 （多个层级创建）
5. python 删除文件夹 （多个层级删除）
6. python 移动文件
7. python 查找文件
8. 得到文件夹的大小

下面的代码是我在用python 做一个网盘服务端的时候用到的一些方法，记录下来，以供以后参考.

#coding:utf-8

import StringIO
import json
import os
import time
import glob
import shutil

DATETIMEFORMATER='%Y-%m-%d %X'

#only for windows
RECYCLED_FOLDER_NAME='Recycled'


def dateformat(datetime):
    '''return GMT TIME,need to change to LOCAL TIME'''    
    return time.strftime( DATETIMEFORMATER,time.gmtime(datetime) )

def filesizeformat(size):
    ''' Convert file size to string '''    
    KBSIZE=1024.00
    strSize='0 Byte' 
    if (size < KBSIZE):        
        strSize = '%.2f Byte' % (size)
    elif (size >= KBSIZE and size < KBSIZE**2):
        strSize = '%.2f K' % (size / KBSIZE)
    elif (size >= KBSIZE**2 and size < KBSIZE**3):
        strSize = '%.2f M' % (size / KBSIZE / KBSIZE)
    elif (size >= KBSIZE**3):
        strSize = '%.2f G' % (size / KBSIZE / KBSIZE / KBSIZE)
        
    return strSize


def listdir(path):
    if os.path.isfile(path):
        return '[]' 
    allFiles=os.listdir(path)
    retlist=[]
    for cfile in allFiles:
        fileinfo={}
        filepath=(path+os.path.sep+cfile).replace("\\","/")
        
        if cfile==RECYCLED_FOLDER_NAME:
            continue
        
        if os.path.isdir(filepath):
            fileinfo['isfile'] = '0'            
            fileinfo['size'] = getfoldersize(filepath)
        else:
            fileinfo['isfile'] = '1'           
            fileinfo['size'] = os.path.getsize(filepath)
            
        fileinfo['name'] = cfile
        fileinfo['lastvisittime'] = dateformat( os.path.getatime(filepath) )
        fileinfo['createtime'] = dateformat( os.path.getctime(filepath) )
        fileinfo['lastmodifytime'] = dateformat( os.path.getmtime(filepath) )           
            
        retlist.append(fileinfo)        
    retStr=json.dumps(retlist,encoding='utf-8')
    return retStr
            
def deletefile(path):
    if os.path.exists(path):
        os.remove(path)
        
def rename(old,new):
    if os.path.exists(old):
        os.rename(old, new)
        
def checkoutfile(path):
    pass

def checkinfile(path):
    pass

def lockfile(path):
    pass

def unlockfile(path):
    pass
            
def createfolder(path):
    if not os.path.exists(path):
        os.mkdir(path) 

def createfolders(path):        
    if not os.path.exists(path):
        os.makedirs(path); 

def deletefolder(path):     
    if  os.path.isdir(path):
        os.rmdir(path)
        
def retreeExceptionHandler(fun,path,excinfo):
    pass
          
def deletefolders(path):    
#    if  os.path.isdir(path):
#        os.removedirs(path)
    shutil.rmtree(path,ignore_errors=False,onerror=retreeExceptionHandler)

def movefile(old,new):
    shutil.move(old, new)

def getfoldersize(path):
    size = 0
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        size += sum([os.path.getsize(os.path.join(root, name)) for name in files])
    return size

def searchfile(path,ext):    
    returnList=glob.glob1(path, ext)
    return returnList
        
if __name__=='__main__':    
    listdir('c:/vDriver')
    #searchfile('c:/vDriver','*.log')
    

上面的代码，根据方法的命名，就可以知道 python 操作文件以及文件夹的各种方法。

From：一号门